The following deployment examples provide building blocks of
increasing architectural complexity using the Networking service
reference architecture which implements the Modular Layer 2 (ML2)
plug-in and either the Open vSwitch (OVS) or Linux bridge mechanism
drivers. Both mechanism drivers support the same basic features such as
provider networks, self-service networks, and routers. However, more
complex features often require a particular mechanism driver. Thus, you
should consider the requirements (or goals) of your cloud before
choosing a mechanism driver.

After choosing a mechanism driver <deploy-mechanism-drivers>, the
deployment examples generally include the following building blocks:

1. Provider (public/external) networks using IPv4 and IPv6
2. Self-service (project/private/internal) networks including routers
   using IPv4 and IPv6
3. High-availability features
4. Other features such as BGP dynamic routing

Prerequisites

Prerequisites, typically hardware requirements, generally increase
with each building block. Each building block depends on proper
deployment and operation of prior building blocks. For example, the
first building block (provider networks) only requires one controller
and two compute nodes, the second building block (self-service networks)
adds a network node, and the high-availability building blocks typically
add a second network node for a total of five nodes. Each building block
could also require additional infrastructure or changes to existing
infrastructure such as networks.

For basic configuration of prerequisites, see the latest Install Tutorials and Guides.

Nodes

The deployment examples refer one or more of the following nodes:

• Controller: Contains control plane components of OpenStack services
  and their dependencies.
  • Two network interfaces: management and provider.
  • Operational SQL server with databases necessary for each OpenStack
    service.
  • Operational message queue service.
  • Operational OpenStack Identity (keystone) service.
  • Operational OpenStack Image Service (glance).
  • Operational management components of the OpenStack Compute (nova)
    service with appropriate configuration to use the Networking
    service.
  • OpenStack Networking (neutron) server service and ML2 plug-in.
• Network: Contains the OpenStack Networking service layer-3 (routing)
  component. High availability options may include additional components.
  • Three network interfaces: management, overlay, and provider.
  • OpenStack Networking layer-2 (switching) agent, layer-3 agent, and
    any dependencies.
• Compute: Contains the hypervisor component of the OpenStack Compute
  service and the OpenStack Networking layer-2, DHCP, and metadata
  components. High-availability options may include additional components.
  • Two network interfaces: management and provider.
  • Operational hypervisor components of the OpenStack Compute (nova)
    service with appropriate configuration to use the Networking
    service.
  • OpenStack Networking layer-2 agent, DHCP agent, metadata agent, and
    any dependencies.

Each building block defines the quantity and types of nodes including
the components on each node.

Networks and network
interfaces

The deployment examples refer to one or more of the following
networks and network interfaces:

• Management: Handles API requests from clients and control plane
  traffic for OpenStack services including their dependencies.
• Overlay: Handles self-service networks using an overlay protocol
  such as VXLAN or GRE.
• Provider: Connects virtual and physical networks at layer-2.
  Typically uses physical network infrastructure for switching/routing
  traffic to external networks such as the Internet.

For illustration purposes, the configuration examples typically
reference the following IP address ranges:

• Provider network 1:
  • IPv4: 203.0.113.0/24
  • IPv6: fd00:203:0:113::/64
• Provider network 2:
  • IPv4: 192.0.2.0/24
  • IPv6: fd00:192:0:2::/64
• Self-service networks:
  • IPv4: 198.51.100.0/24 in /24 segments
  • IPv6: fd00:198:51::/48 in /64 segments

You may change them to work with your particular network
infrastructure.

Mechanism drivers